Theories of Personality 11th Edition by Duane P. Schultz – Test Bank

Theories of Personality 11th Edition by Duane P. Schultz – Test Bank

Chapter 7—Gordon Allport: Motivation and Personality

MULTIPLE CHOICE

1.The personality theorist who helped bring personality into the mainstream and made it an academically respectable topic is:

ANS: C

PTS: 1

A-HEAD: Allport Brings Personality into the Classroom and the Psychology Lab

REF: 195

FEEDBACK: Gordon Allport made personality an academically respectable topic. Through his work, Allport served two purposes: He helped bring personality into the mainstream, and he formulated a theory of personality development in which traits play a prominent role.

2.With regard to historical determinism, Allport believed a person is:

ANS: D

PTS: 1

A-HEAD: Allport Brings Personality into the Classroom and the Psychology Lab

REF: 196

FEEDBACK: With regard to historical determinism—the importance of the past in determining the present—Allport said that we are not prisoners of childhood conflicts and past experiences, as Freud believed. Instead, we are guided more by the present and by our view of the future.

3.On which of the following points did Allport disagree with Freud?

ANS: D

PTS: 1

A-HEAD: Allport Brings Personality into the Classroom and the Psychology Lab

REF: 196

FEEDBACK: Allport challenged Freud’s psychoanalysis on several points. First, Allport did not accept the notion that unconscious forces dominate the personality of normal mature adults. Second, with regard to the importance of the past in determining the present, unlike Freud, Allport believed that we are not prisoners of childhood conflicts and past experiences. Third, Allport opposed collecting data from abnormal personalities. Whereas Freud saw a continuum between the normal and abnormal, Allport saw a clear distinction.

4.Allport believed that the best way to study personality was through:

ANS: C

PTS: 1

A-HEAD: Allport Brings Personality into the Classroom and the Psychology Lab

REF: 196

FEEDBACK: The only proper way to study personality, Allport believed, was to collect data from emotionally healthy adults. Other populations, such as neurotics, children, and animals, should not be compared with normal adults.

5.What did Allport believe was the biggest difference between normal and abnormal people?

ANS: A

PTS: 1

A-HEAD: Allport Brings Personality into the Classroom and the Psychology Lab

REF: 196

FEEDBACK: Allport opposed collecting data from abnormal personalities. Whereas Freud saw a continuum between the normal and abnormal, Allport saw a clear distinction. To Allport, the abnormal personality functioned at an infantile level.

6.Which of the following was Allport’s argument against Freud’s psychoanalysis?

ANS: D

PTS: 1

A-HEAD: Allport Brings Personality into the Classroom and the Psychology Lab

REF: 196

FEEDBACK: Allport opposed collecting data from abnormal personalities. Whereas Freud saw a continuum between the normal and abnormal, Allport saw a clear distinction. The only proper way to study personality, he believed, was to collect data from emotionally healthy adults. Other populations, such as neurotics, children, and animals, should not be compared with normal adults.

7.Allport’s own childhood was characterized by:

ANS: B

PTS: 1

A-HEAD: The Life of Allport (1897–1967)

REF: 196

FEEDBACK: Too young to be a playmate to his older brothers, Allport was isolated from children outside the family as well. “I fashioned my own circle of activities,” he wrote later. “It was a select circle, for I never fitted the general boy assembly.”